4. “As humans progressed, man started altering the environment in the pursuit of creating an economic, social and cultural environment of his own choice. This slowly resulted in the depletion of natural resources and degradation of environment.” Explain it in context of national legislations of water acts?

 

1.       Que-4.  "As humans progressed, man started altering the environment in the pursuit of creating an economic, social and cultural environment of his own choice. This slowly resulted in the depletion of natural resources and degradation of environment.” Explain it in context of national legislations of water acts?

 

As humans civilization progressed, man started altering the environment in the pursuit of creating an economic, social and cultural environment of his own choice. This slowly resulted in the depletion of natural resources and degradation of environment. Parliament passed the Water (Protection and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. The main objective of this Act is to prevent and control water pollution. Some important provision of the Water Act, 1974 and Amendment, 1988 are given below:

 

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 and Amendment, 1988

-The Act vests regulatory authority in state boards and empowers these boards to establish and enforce effluent standards for factories discharging pollutants into bodies of water. A Central Board performs the same functions for union territories and coordinates activities among the states.

-The boards control sewage and industrial effluent discharges by approving, rejecting or conditioning applications for consent to discharge.

-The state boards also minimise water pollution by advising state governments on appropriate sites for new industry.

 

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act of 1977

The Act creates economic incentives for pollution control and requires local authorities and certain designated industries to pay a cess (tax) for water consumption. These revenues are used to implement the Water Ac.